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The David N. Dinkins Municipal Building, originally the Municipal Building and then the Manhattan Municipal Building,〔(The Municipal Building ), ''New York Architecture''.〕 at 1 Centre Street in Manhattan, New York City, is a 40-story building built to accommodate increased governmental space demands after the 1898 consolidation of the city's five boroughs. Construction began in 1907 and ended in 1914,〔〔 marking the end of the City Beautiful movement in New York. William M. Kendall〔 of the noted architectural firm McKim, Mead & White designed the building, which was the first to incorporate a subway station – the Chambers Street station, served by the – into its base. Enormously influential in the civic construction of other American cities, the building's architectural style has been "variously described as Roman Imperial, Italian Renaissance, French Renaissance, or Beaux-Arts."〔Sarah Bradford Landau & Carl W. Condit, ''Rise of the New York Skyscraper: 1865-1913'' (Yale University Press, 1999), p. 374.〕 It served as the prototype for the Terminal Tower in Cleveland, and the Wrigley Building in Chicago, in addition to the Seven Sisters of Stalin-era Soviet architecture. Located at the intersection of Chambers and Centre Streets, the Municipal Building stands tall and is one of the largest governmental buildings in the world. At present, the Municipal Building is home to "over 2,000 employees from a dozen municipal agencies in nearly 1 million square feet of office space."〔(Manhattan Municipal Building ), New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services (accessed September 27, 2015).〕 The building was designated a New York City landmark in 1966,〔, p.33〕 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. On October 14, 2015, the building was renamed after former mayor David N. Dinkins.〔Ngo, Emily. ("NYC Municipal Building renamed for former Mayor Dinkins" ) ''Newsday'' (October 15, 2015)〕 ==History== In the 1884 annual report of the City of New York, Mayor Franklin Edson declared that more space was badly needed for governmental functions. But he also noted that City Hall was not expandable because its "style of architecture was such that without marring its present symmetry, it couldn't be enlarged to the required extent." The City's agencies rented space in various buildings strewn all the way from Downtown Manhattan up to Midtown Manhattan, with the number of such arrangements increasing by the year. The government, desiring to cut down the amount of rent paid to private landlords, held several design competitions for a new, massive building that would be suitable to house many agencies under one roof. Mayor Abram Hewitt appointed a commission to study suitable plans and plots of land in 1888, and four competitions were held between that year and 1907. The final competition was held by the Commissioner of Bridges, who had already secured a new plot of land to be used for a new trolley hub at the Manhattan base of Brooklyn Bridge. Twelve architectural firms entered the last competition, and the winning entry was received from William Mitchell Kendall,〔 a young partner of McKim, Mead & White, which had been urged to enter the contest by Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr..〔Willis, Carol. "Municipal Building" in , p. 863-864〕 McKim, Mead was at the time the largest architectural firm in the world, with a staff numbering over 100. Despite their standing in the architectural community, the Manhattan Municipal Building would be their first skyscraper. The building was first occupied in January 1913, and the majority of the building's offices were opened to the public by 1916. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manhattan Municipal Building」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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